FACT BOX
Energy Fundamentals
An overview of energy-related developments and facts
Primary energy consumption by fuel – 1965-2016
© BP
Simplified oil value chain
© CIEP
Simplified gas value chain
© CIEP
Simplified coal value chain
© Duke Center on Globalization
Oil and gas reserves by region
© IEA World Energy Outlook
Production of oil and gas by region – 2015
© IEA World Energy Outlook
Consumption of oil and gas by region – 2016
© BP
Coal reserves and production by region
© IEA World Energy Outlook 2015
China produces and consumes nearly half of all the world’s coal
India’s coal consumption is on the rise
Major interregional oil trade flows
© BP
Major interregional natural gas trade flows
© BP
Major interregional coal trade flows
© Carbon Brief
Electricity generation by source – world
© World Bank and EIA
Coal vs. Gas in Electricity generation
Energy from wind & solar is ‘variable’ (1/2)
Generation from solar/wind in Germany in the month of April 2017
Every day solar energy (yellow) emerges, and fades away when daytime ends
Many days, too, wind energy (blue) is produced, but some days is barely available
Different seasons are characterized by different generation patterns
Energy from wind & solar is ‘variable’ (2/2)
Generation from solar/wind in Germany in the month of February 2017
Every day solar energy (yellow) emerges, and fades away when daytime ends
Many days, too, wind energy (blue) is produced, but some days is barely available
Different seasons are characterized by different generation patterns
Consumption of nuclear and hydroelectricity by region
Consumption of ‘other renewables’ (wind, solar, etc.) by region and their share in power generation
