The Dutch energy economy: the energy gateway to Northwest EU

The Netherlands is an important energy hub in the Northwest European market – not only for oil, but also for natural gas, coal, and electricity. The Dutch economy is also relatively energy intense due to the large refining and petrochemicals sector. The structure of the Dutch economy is founded on the substantial gas production in the country for more than 50 years, the large oil processing industry (refining and petrochemicals) and the logistical connections (pipelines, road, rail, air) with surrounding countries. The function of the Netherlands as an important gateway or hub for Northwest European energy market has created strong interests in international energy trade. This article gives insights into the distinct nature of the Dutch energy economy, highlighting its integration into international energy markets, and discusses how the effect of national policies, measures and policy changes must be understood in the international context.

Read the full article in our dossier: 'Europe’s energy relations: between legacy and transformation'