The internal and external dynamics of EU energy relations

In this dossier dedicated to energy in Europe, the Clingendael International Energy Programme (CIEP)‍‍ offers insights into the evolving political relations in oil, natural gas and the transition towards a cleaner energy mix. This introduction provides a critical overview of the overarching factors that shape Europe’s energy relations.

Read the full article in our dossier: 'Europe’s energy relations: between legacy and transformation'